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The two most serious complications in chlamydia patients are ocular trachoma and lymphogranuloma venereum. Ocular trachoma usually occurs by auto-inoculation from the genitals. The treatment corresponds to the administration of intravenous or oral antibiotics and instillations of ophthalmic solutions. It can lead to partial or total blindness if it does not receive intensive treatment.

Lymphogranuloma venereum (or LGV) occurs when bacteria invade the lymphatic pathways of the body and cause the formation of blisters, which manifest as ulcerative inflammations in the lymphatic pathways. It causes a lot of pain and in some cases, surgical removal is required. The treatment of LGV involves the administration of antibiotics.